Machine for manufacturing biscuit from cereal flakes.



J. L. KELLOGG. MACHINE FOR MANUFAGIUBING BISGUIT PROMYGEREAL FLAKES.

APPLICATIONv FILED MAR. 4, 1908.

Patented Feb. 28, 1911.

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. b N S Q a N WMNI V 'J. L. KELLOGG. MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BISGUIT FROM CEREAL FLAKES.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 4, 190a.

Patented Feb. 28, 1911.

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JOHN L. KELLOGG, OF BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BISCUIT FROM CEREAL FLAKES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. KELLoGe, a citizen of the United States, residing at Battle Creek, Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Biscuit from Cereal Flakes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus and process for manufacturing and baking biscuits from flaked cereals or similar material.

The objects of this invention are to provide an apparatus which will compress a mass of flakes that are delivered to the same into an even layer, cut the same into proper form for biscuits, heat and partially bake the same while they arein the compressed form in the cutters, which insures the integrity of the biscuits, and the moisture being evaporated from the material Within the cutters, insures a contraction of the mass and a consequent proper discharge of the biscuit from the cutter, so that the same can then be passed on and completely cooked without danger of mutilation.

Objects pertaining to details of construction will definitely appear from the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish the objects of my invention bv the devices and means described in the following specification.

The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

An apparatus embodying my invention and for carrying out my improved process is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. in which: 1

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through an oven with my improved apparatus installed, portions being indicated diagrammatically, taken on a line corresponding to line 1-1 of Fig. 2, the furnace not being in section; Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of the cutting, compressing and delivering apparatus, takenon a line corresponding to the irregular line 2--2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is an enlarged transverse sec tional view ofthe roller and carrier taken on a line corresponding to line 1 1 of Fig. 2.

In the drawing, the sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the little Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 4, 1908.

Patented Feb. 28, 1911.

Serial No. 419,178.

arrows at the ends of the section lines, and similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Considering the numbered parts of the drawing, the outer walls 1 of the oven are indicated diagrammatically, the furnace 2 being within the same. In the upper part of the furnace is supported an endless apron 3, which is carried on rollers l and 5 at each end thereof, the said apron being of flexible sheet metal or of any suitable material that will answer the purpose and withstand the temperature of the oven. Above this apron 3 is supported a series of aprons 6 parallel to each other on opposite rollers, 7 and 8, which aprons are of flexible sprocket chain construction or any suitable material that will serve the purpose. To these are secured a series of cutters 20, hereafter to be more thoroughly described. Vithin these aprons are series of compression rollers 12'13 for holding the proximate portions of such aprons toward each other, to co1npress any volume of flakes that may be delivered between the same.

The roller 7 is separated into sections by disk knives 7 which divide the flakes delivered thereto into longitudinal strips as wide as the biscuits are long, in the construction illustrated, but they could, of course, be divided into strips the same width as the hiscuits to be manufactured.

Flaked corn or wheat, or any other cereal, is delivered from the flaking machines through a suitable spout or hopper 11 onto the apron 8, where it is compressed and distributed by rollers 9 and 10 just outside of the oven and delivered inwardly between the lower apron 3 and the upper cutter belts or aprons 6, so that as the apparatus is actuated a thin layer of damp flakes as they come from the rollers is spread out on the apron?) by the rollers 9 and 10, and carried along and delivered between the aprons 3 and 6 under compression, and will be divided longitudinally by the disks 7, and the cutters of the belts will divide the same into biscuits. As the biscuits are advanced into the oven, the heat of the oven drives the moisture out and causes a contraction of the biscuits, so that when the same reach the opposite end of the oven they are readily discharged from between these compression aprons and slide roughly baked, the temperature of the oven i i The cutters 20. are se'cured'by suitable downaninclincd chute 1 1, which is arranged at-the inner end of these aprons, and are deposited on the endless apron 15 in the lowerpart of the oven. Thisendless apron 15 is carried on opposite rollers1617. Thebiscuits by the time they are carried-back tothe outlet of the oven on the apron 15 are thorand the speed of the aprons being regulated to, that end,'when they slide downfthe inclined plate 18 onto a carrier 19 or to a suit-V able receptacle for packing.

means to wingedilinksof the sprockets con 'stituting the saidbelt 6, and they havefup-. turned ends 21, transverse thereto, so that in passing around the roller 7 they will take a tangential position, and" the cutting ends 21 will strikedown upon the mass of flakes on the apron 3 beneath,dividing the same into' lengths as the layer is advanced between the rollers." As these cutters 20 overlap each other and the two aprons'are heldtogether by compression rollers, clamping pressure is applied to the'biscuits as they are advanced throu h the oven. Theheat drives the moistu're irolntliem, causlng'them to. shr nk so that when they reach the opposite end of the apron they drop readily from the cutter and 'paratus as indicated.

pass readily on their course through the ap! The'cut-tersl have shown are in the form preferred by me, but the mass offlakes might be'cut and put under pressure in the manner I have indicated either 'in molds when it is flout or not in molds, and the same be baked under clamping pressure as I have indicated,

l i when the same Will be found to be thoroughly formedand the integrity of the biscuits in- .1. In an apparatusfor manufacturing bis- "'c'uit,lthe combination of 'a'suitable oven; a

cutting and molding apparatus consisting V of an endless apron '3 supported on suitable i verse cutting portions 21. secured bysuitable '55 means to theupper. apron; cutter disks to rollers with compression rollerswi-thin the loop thereof; a series of endless aprons 6 above the same and arranged tocooperate therewith; cutters 2'0 thereon having transdivide the mass of flakes longitudinally between saidaprons;an inclined delivery slide" to receivebiscuitfroni the inner end of said cutting and, molding apparatus; suitable meansfor delivering flaked material to the outer end of said cutting and molding apparatus; compression rollers 9 and10 for comic: pacting and spreading the said flakes on the said lower apron; an endless apron l5 supported on suitable rollers for carrying the biscuit from the cutter portion to the outlet of the said oven, whereby the said biscuit will be completely baked after their discharge it'rom the cutting and molding apparatus; and a suitable slide at the delivery end of the said apron 15 for dischargin said biscuit from the said oven, coacting stilostantially asdescribed and for the purpose specified.

2. In an apparatus for manufacturing biscuit, the combination of a suitable oven; a cutting and molding apparatus consisting of an endless apron 3 supported 011 suitable rollers with compression rollers within the loop thereof; a series of endless aprons (3 above the same and arranged toycoiipera-te therewith; cutters 2O thereon having trans- -means to the upper apron; cutter disks to divide the mass of flakes longitudinally between said aprons; suitable means for delivering flaked material to the outer end of pression rollers 9 and 10 for compacting and spreading the said flakes on the said lower apron; an endless apron 1.5 supported on suitable rollers for carrying the biscuit from-the cutter portion to the outlet of the said oven, whereby the said biscuit will be completely baked after their discharge from the cutting and molding apparatus, coacting substantially as described and for the purpose specified. Y

3. In an apparatus for manufacturing biscuit, the combination of a suitableoven; a cutting-and molding apparatus consisting of an endless apron 3 supported on suitable rollers with compression rollers within the loop thereof; an endless apron 6 above the same and arranged to cooperate therewith; cutters 20 thereon having transverse cutting portions 21 secured by suitable means to the upper apron; an inclined delivery slide to receive biscuit from the inner end of said cutting and molding apparatus; suitable means for delivering flaked material to the outer end of said cutting and molding apparatus; compression rollers 9 and 10 for compacting and spreading the said flakes on the said lower apron; an endless apron 15 supported on suitable rollers for carrying the biscuit from the cutter portion to the outlet of the said oven, whereby the said hiscuit will be completely baked after their discharge from the cutting'and molding apparatus; and a suitable slide at the delivery end of thesaid apron 15 for discharging said biscuit from the said oven, coacting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

42.111 an apparatus for manufacturing verse cutting portions 21 secured by suitable H said cutting and molding apparatus; combiscuit, the combination of a suitable oven; a cutting and molding apparatus consisting of an endless apron 3 supported on suitable rollers with compression rollers within the loop thereof; an endless apron 6 above the same and arranged to cooperate therewith; cutters 20 thereon having transverse portions 21 securedby suitable means to the upper apron; suitable means for delivering flaked material to the outer end of said cutting and molding apparatus; compression rollers 9 and 10 for compacting and spreading the said flakes on the said lower apron; an endless apron 15 supported on suitable rollers for carrying the biscuit from the cutter portion to the outlet of the said oven,

whereby the said biscuit will be completely.

baked after their discharge from the cutting and molding apparatus, all arranged within said oven whereby the baking of the biscuit is well advanced while the biscuit is under pressure, co-acting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

5. In an apparatus for manufacturing biscuit from flakes, the combination of a suitable oven; a pair of endless aprons, one of which is of continuous sheet metal and the other of which is provided with cutter molds; means for delivering flakes to said aprons, means for compressing and molding a layer of flakes between the same and advancing the same within the oven, all arranged within said oven whereby the baking of the biscuit is well advanced while the biscuit is under pressure, coacting for the purpose specified.

6. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with an oven of an endless apron; a series of parallel endless aprons above the same and coacting therewith, consisting of sprocket-chain construction; cutters having out-turned cutting ends secured to winged links of said sprockets; rollers for carrying said aprons; and cutter disks on the upper roller to divide the mass of flakes longitudinally, as described.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with an oven of an endless apron of continuous sheet metal; an endless apron above the same and coacting therewith, consisting of sprocket chain construction; cutters projecting longitudinally beyond the pivot connection of each link and having out-turned cutting ends secured to winged links of said sprockets; and rollers for carrying said aprons, as described.

8. In an apparatus for manufacturing biscuit; a cutting and molding apparatus consisting of an endless apron 3 supported on suitable rollers with compression rollers within the loop thereof; a series of endless aprons 6 above the same and arranged to cooperate therewith; cutters 20 thereon having transverse cutting portions 21 secured by suitable means to the upper apron; cutter disks to divide the mass of flakes longitudinally between said aprons; an inclined delivery slide to receive biscuit from the inner end of said cutting and molding apparatus; suitable means for delivering flaked material to the outer end of said cutting and molding apparatus; compression rollers 9 and 10 for compacting and spreading the said flakes on the said lower apron; an endless apron 15 supported on suitable rollers for carrying the biscuit from the cutter portion to the outlet of the said oven, whereby the said biscuit will be completely baked after their discharge from the cutting and molding apparatus; and a suitable slide at the delivery end of the said apron 15 for discharging said biscuit from the said oven, coacting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

9. In an apparatus for manufacturing biscuit; a cutting and molding apparatus consisting of an endless apron 3 supported on suitable rollers with compression rollers within the loop thereof; a series of endless aprons 6 above the same and arranged to cooperate therewith; cutters 20 thereon having transverse. cutting portions 21 secured by suitable means to the upper apron; cutter disks to divide the mass of flakes longitudinally between said aprons; suitable means for delivering flaked material to the outer end of said cutting and molding apparatus; compression rollers 9 and 10 for compacting and spreading the said flakes on the said lower apron; an endless apron 15 supported on suitable rollers for carrying the biscuit from the cutter portion to the outlet of the said oven, whereby the said biscuit will be completely baked after their discharge from the cutting and molding apparatus, coacting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

10. In an apparatus for manufacturing biscuit; a cutting and molding apparatus consisting of an endless apron 3 supported on suitable rollers with compression rollers within the loop thereof; an endless apron 6 above the same and arranged to cooperate therewith; cutters 20 thereon having transverse cutting portions 21 secured by suitable means to the upper apron; an inclined delivery slide to receive biscuit from the inner end of said cutting and molding apparatus; suitable means for delivering flaked material to the outer end of said cutting and molding apparatus; compression rollers 9 and 10 for compacting and spreading the said flakes on the said lower apron; an endless apron 15 supported on suitable rollers for carrying the biscuit from the cutter portion to the outlet of said oven, whereby the said bis- Quit Will be compietely barked aftert-heir dis-- In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set end of the "said apron 175 for discharging I said biscuit from the said oven, coacting Witnesses:

charge from the cu tting and molding appamyhand and seal in the presence of two ratus; and a suitable slide at the delivery Witnesses.

J OHN L. KELLOGG. [1,. 5.]

substantially as described and for the pur- LUELLA'G. GREENFIELD, pose specified. GERTRUDE TALLMAN.

Cbpiesflof this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latents, r Washington, I). 0. 

